Ovarian Cancer In Nagpur
Ovarian cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the ovaries, which are part of the female reproductive system. The ovaries are two small, almond-shaped organs located on either side of the uterus. They are responsible for producing eggs (ova) and hormones such as estrogen and progesterone.
Ovarian cancer often goes undetected in its early stages because its symptoms can be subtle, and there is currently no routine screening test for this type of cancer. As a result, ovarian cancer is frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage. However, early detection and prompt treatment can significantly improve outcomes.
Types of Ovarian Cancer
1.Epithelial Ovarian Cancer:
- The most common type, accounting for about 90% of ovarian cancers.
- Originates from the cells on the surface of the ovary.
2. Stromal Cell Tumors:
- Develop in the ovarian tissue that produces hormones.
- Rare, accounting for about 7% of ovarian cancers.
3. Germ Cell Tumors:
- Occur in the egg-producing cells of the ovary.
- More common in younger women and often curable.
Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer
- Bloating
- Pelvic or Abdominal Pain
- Difficulty Eating or Feeling Full Quickly
- Urinary Urgency or Frequency
- Changes in Menstrual Cycle
- Back Pain
- Fatigue
- Unexplained Weight Loss
Treatment for Ovarian Cancer
Treatment of ovarian cancer typically involves a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and sometimes, targeted therapy. The specific treatment plan depends on the type and stage of the cancer, as well as the overall health of the patient.
Surgery:
Debulking Surgery: The primary goal is to remove as much of the tumor as possible. This may involve removing one or both ovaries, the fallopian tubes, the uterus, and other affected tissues or organs. Lymph node dissection may be performed to assess the spread of cancer to nearby lymph nodes.
Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is often used after surgery to kill remaining cancer cells and reduce the risk of recurrence. Intravenous chemotherapy drugs may be administered, and treatment plans vary based on the specific characteristics of the cancer.
Targeted Therapy: Some types of ovarian cancer respond to targeted therapies that specifically target certain molecules involved in cancer growth.
Hormone Therapy: Hormone therapy may be considered for certain types of ovarian cancer that are hormone receptor-positive.
Clinical Trials: Participation in clinical trials may be an option, providing access to new and experimental treatments.
Prevention
- Oral Contraceptives: Long-term use of birth control pills has been associated with a reduced risk of ovarian cancer.
- Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: These factors may decrease the risk of ovarian cancer.
- Risk-Reducing Surgery: For women with a high risk due to genetic mutations, preventive surgery may be considered.